在過去評估PA系統時,經典的教條是在噪音的基礎上面加上15dB的響度做為系統評估標準,但是有時環境已經很吵,如果再以大音量、進行頻繁的廣播,將會使得環境令人不適。其實人耳聽覺是很有趣的,有很多特別的效應,當中『掩蔽效應』是一個值得探究的領域,如果能善用的話,可以降低廣播的音量,又能達到訊息傳達的效果。
音頻掩蔽效應
掩蔽效應是人耳對於聲音的感知的生理特點,經過科學家的研究,基本上有下列幾個原則:
.在震幅上:同頻域當中大聲掩蔽小聲
.在頻域上:一個較強的訊號會掩蔽附近的聲音,會往低與高掩蔽一定頻率,低頻掩蔽較少,高頻掩蔽較多, 越靠近的頻率掩蔽越嚴重
.在時域上:後面掩蔽前面(滯後掩蔽)
.在時域複合震幅上:前面大幅度突波掩蔽後面(超前掩蔽)
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